13 grudnia 2022
INFORMACJE Z POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA MIKROBIOLOGÓW
NEW REPORTS, INFORMATION
5 października 2022
Przekazujemy bardzo smutną wiadomość – dr Bohdan Starościak, wieloletni członek Redakcji, zmarł w dniu 27 września 2022 r.
5 października 2022
Mamy do zakomunikowania złą wiadomość dla naszych Czytelników, Redakcja zadecydowała o retrakcji pięciu artykułów opublikowanych w naszym czasopiśmie. Szczegóły w najnowszym, 3 zeszycie w sekcji redakcyjnej.
POMPY OPORNOŚCI WIELOLEKOWEJ U BAKTERII I ICH INHIBITORY
4 października 2022
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is becoming a paramount health concern nowadays. The increasing drug resistance in microbes is due to improper medications or over usage of drugs. Bacteria develop many mechanisms to extrude the antibiotics entering the cell. The most prominent are the efflux pumps (EPs). EPs play a significant role in intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance, mainly in Gram-negative bacteria. EPs may be unique to one substrate or transport several structurally different compounds (including multi-class antibiotics). These pumps are generally associated with multiple drug resistance (MDR). EPs are energized by a proton motive force and can pump a vast range of detergents, drugs, antibiotics and also β-lactams, which are impermeable to the cytoplasmic membrane. There are five leading efflux transporter families in the prokaryotic kingdom: MF (Major Facilitator), MATE (Multidrug And Toxic Efflux), RND (Resistance-Nodulation-Division), SMR (Small Multidrug Resistance) and ABC (ATP Binding Cassette). Apart from the ABC family, which utilizes ATP hydrolysis to drive the export of substrates, all other systems use the proton motive force as an energy source. Some molecules known as Efflux Pump Inhibitors (EPI) can inhibit EPs in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. EPIs can interfere with the efflux of antimicrobial agents, leading to an increase in the concentration of antibiotics inside the bacterium, thus killing it. Therefore, identifying new EPIs appears to be a promising strategy for countering antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR). This mini-review focuses on the major efflux transporters of the bacteria and the progress in identifying Efflux Pump Inhibitors.
1. Introduction. 2. Major classes of efflux pumps. 2.1. ATP-Binding Cassette Superfamily. 2.2. Major Facilitator Superfamily. 2.3. Multidrug And Toxic Compound Extrusion Family. 2.4. Small Multi-drug Resistance Family. 2.5. Resistance-Nodulation-Division Superfamily. 3. Efflux pumps and their role in virulence and biofilm formation. 4. Efflux Pump Inhibitors
PRZEGLĄD ZASTOSOWAŃ PROBIOTYKÓW U DROBIU: POPRAWA ODPORNOŚCI I KORZYSTNE EFEKTY NA PRODUKCJĘ I ZDROWIE
4 października 2022
Abstract: A new class of feed additives and nutritional supplements, known as probiotics, include bacterial, fungal, and yeast cultures from various sources. Overall, probiotics are believed to promote the health and well-being of animals, birds, and humans in a variety of settings. Incorporating probiotics into the diets of cattle and poultry has been demonstrated to improve growth, feed conversion efficiency, immunological responses, and the animal’s ability to manage enteric infections. The use of probiotic-enriched chicken feed has been shown to enhance egg production by as much as 30% among laying chickens. Probiotics may be used to fight off harmful microorganisms, create antibacterial compounds (such as bacteriocins or colicins), and alter the immunological response of the host, according to the National Institutes of Health. Pathogenic microbial strains such as Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Aspergillus, and Saccharomyces are employed in the making of chicken products. The use of subtherapeutic doses of antimicrobial agents, including antibiotics, to combat or remove harmful bacteria and promote animal growth and feed efficiency has resulted in the accumulation of antibiotic residues in animal feed as well as the emergence of drug-resistant microbes in the feed supply chain. As a result of public health concerns, there has been a renewed emphasis on the use of probiotics in chicken production rather than antibiotics in recent years. This research examines the effects of probiotics and direct-fed microorganisms (DFM) on chicken health and performance, with a particular emphasis on the favourable effects they have on poultry health and performance.
1. Introduction. 2. Probiotics’ historical development. 3. Criteria for a perfect probiotic. 4. Microbes commonly used as probiotics. 5. Probiotics in poultry applications. 6. Gastrointestinal tract probiotic colonization. 7. Continuing to improve digestion, nutrient metabolism and nutrient utilization. 8. Management of harmful pathogens and disease conditions. 9. Immunostimulation. 10. Probiotics as a growth institution. 10.1. Lactobacilli. 10.2. Aspergillus oryzae. 10.3. Yeast. 11. Salient benefits and recommendations for probiotic use. 12. Conclusion
POSTĘPY MIKROBIOLOGII 2022, Tom 61, Zeszyt 4
Najczęściej czytane
Najczęściej czytane
O Towarzystwie
Celem Polskiego Towarzystwa
Mikrobiologów jest propagowanie rozwoju nauk mikrobiologicznych
i popularyzowanie osiągnięć
mikrobiologii wśród członków Towarzystwa oraz szerokich kręgów społeczeństwa. Formami działalności jest organizowanie zjazdów, posiedzeń naukowych, kursów, wykładów
i odczytów oraz konkursów prac naukowych; wydawanie i popieranie wydawania czasopism naukowych, książek
i innych publikacji
z dziedziny mikrobiologii; opiniowanie o stanie i potrzebach mikrobiologii polskiej
i występowanie w jej sprawach wobec
władz państwowych; współpraca
z pokrewnymi stowarzyszeniami
w kraju i za granicą.